Ngā Rauropi Whakaoranga

Cardamine heterophylla, Cardamine hirsuta

panapana

New Zealand bitter cress

Boiled, eaten as cabbage (Kirk, in Taylor 1870).

"The leaf in taste resembles the common cress" (Taylor 1847)

"The leaves of the panapana..., particularly the larger form found at track edges in lowland bush, can be used chopped in sandwiches, but I have found it rather hot to eat by itself" (Mason 1950)

See Riley 1994 for information on medicinal uses of related plants elsewhere in the world.